Consular Processing is relevant for people who live outside of the USA and have had their immigrant petition (status) accepted by the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS). This means the applicant must attend an interview at the U.S. embassy in their country responsible for Diversity Visas.
Green Card winners are issued a case number. The case number is comprised of the year of the lottery won followed by two letters referring to the applicant’s region and eight numbers. For example: 2018SA00001234 would be a case number for a DV-18 Lottery winner from South America. The visa bulletin shows which case numbers will be processed for the month. An interview can only be scheduled when the case number is current.
The US authorities will issue you a confirmation number once your Green Card Lottery application has been submitted. This number is very important. It is needed to log into the electronic diversity visa website and check your diversity visa status.